All about different Shiite sects in numerous countries across Middle East & Asia - We at Mumbai Multimedia Studio still in dark as to how many are there globally apart from Middle East and Asia - their history and ancestor's... We made an analyst for the same but still confuse and mystify that how and when this sect of Muslim comes up? what was the situation at that time that section of Islam come into existence although I saw them in Saudi Arabia and some in Egypt in many parts of African sub continent etc where they know as Ashashri...
Here you go the history of Shia Sect of Muslim and Momeeneen. The writing and publishing of this articles is not to hurt anyone nor any section of society but unearth the real fact of one of the sect of Islam...
Image Sources Google
Well, officially there's just one Shia country within the world with majority, viz. Iran which I'm aware since my childhood. Yusuf Bhandarkar, Founder CEO Mumbai Multimedia Studio - Mumbai 400008 India
The Islamic Republic of Iran may be a the Democratic state where the country is run under the political orientation called the Velayet-e-Faqih (Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist). per the Twelver Shia school of thought, the last infallible Imam Mahdi, Muhammad Al Mahdi has gone into occultation. He will emerge out of his hiding and establish justice around the world when more cruelty to human life occurred thru hook or by crook, political unrest, un stabilization, slow poisoning to living being etc. His returning will herald the return of Jesus or Essa Alesalaam into the planet.
According to the ideology of Velayet-e-Faqih, until the Mahdi returns, Muslims should be governed by Islamic Jurists who are knowledgeable in matters of Fiqh. The Khomeinist school of this ideology, An Absolute Guardianship of the Islamic Jurist is that the most extreme version where almost every aspect of way of life both secular and spiritual is to be guided by Islamic Jurists.
The political structure of Iran
Iran has the most important population of Shia Muslims within the world and is that the centre of Shia Islamism within the world. Before 1979, Iran was ruled as a liberal monarchy by the House of Pahlavi who were formally Shiites.
The Shah and Shahbanu at the Imam Reza Shrine, Mashhad - Image Sources Google
Although Shia Islam is that the official state religion in Iran only, there are many places both within thegeographic regionet al where Shia Islam is predominant.
Shia Muslims form upthe bulk of the population in Iraq. Two of the foremost important pilgrimage sites for Shia Muslims are present in Iraq is Najaf, and Karbala.
Arbaeen processions in Karbala Image Sources Google
Before the American invasion in 2003, Iraqi Shias faced political discrimination at the hands of the Baathist regime surpass Saddam Hussein who was a Sunni Arab. Non-Arab Shias just like the Feyli Kurds were doubly discriminated against by the Sunni dominated regime because of being Non-Arabs. Baathism however officially was a secular variant of Arab Nationalism developed by Christian Arab, Michel Aflaq. Before Baathist rule, Iraq was ruled by the Iraqi Nationalist dictator, Abd Al Karim who had come to power by overthrowing the Western-backed Hashemite monarchy.
Faisal II, Last King of Iraq
One of the foremost important and influential Shia clerics within the world, Ayatollah Ali Sistani is an Iraqi Shia.
The Republic of Azerbaijan is third on the list of Shia majority countries. It wont to be an element of Iran but was annexed by the Czarist Russian Empire after it defeated Qajar ruled Persia in two successive wars. After creating a short-lived secular republic, Azerbaijan was annexed again and this point became part of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics.
Ashura mourning in Baku, Azerbaijan
Being an ex-soviet country, Azerbaijan is remarkably more secular than other Muslim countries mentioned here. they need a powerful alliance with Israel and have always rejected any form of unity with their southern neighbour. The Azerbaijani state always emphasizes its Turkic identity over its Shia one and supported irredentist claims into the Iranian Azerbaijan province. Iran reciprocally supports Armenia, Azerbaijan's arch-rival.
The Kingdom of Bahrain is that the fourth and final Shia majority country on our list. Bahrain may be a tiny island nation on the gulf and is ruled by the House of Khalifa. Bahraini people are predominantly Twelver Shia and have significant cultural and ethnic relations with the neighbouring Persians. Bahrain was under the rule of Persians until Arab tribes of the Bani Utub Confederation invaded and seized it.
Although Bahrain is Shia-majority, the House of Khalifa is Wahhabi and therefore the Shia majority suffers serious discrimination at the hands of authorities. There are multiple uprisings by the Shia majority and sympathy for Velayet e Faqih is powerful among sectors of Bahraini society. To conserve their political rule, the Sunni rulers of Bahrain have allied with neighbouring Asian nation and cracked down successfully on the Shias of Bahrain
Bahraini protestors during Arab Spring
Now, there are other countries where Shias aren't a majority but are important minorities.
The Syrian Arab Republic has a very important Shia community called Alawites. Alawites are a secretive heterodox Shia sect that has many syncretic practices, including holding mass by the consecration of bread and wine and believing in reincarnation.
Assad family Image Sources Google
Syria is ruled by the Baath Party like Iraq was until 2003. Syria in some waysis that the heart of Arab Nationalism, even more so than Egypt in my opinion. Butrus Al Bustani, George Antonius, Michel Aflaq, Sati Al Husri, Zaki Al Arsuzi etc were all Syrians. Hafez Al Assad, an Alawite Shia took power by overthrowing Salah Jadid, another Alawite in 1970.
Since 1970 till now, Syria has been ruled by the Assad family, many Islamist uprisings happened and every one failed.
Bashar Al Assad praying in a Sunni way practices
Hafez pragmatically used his position to develop a loyal Alawite elite which acted as his power base. because the Baath Party was and is secular, this Alawite base was limited to political influence, Sunnis Arabs and Christians weren't discouraged and lots of served within the Baath party. This must be stressed that, unlike Saddam, Hafez never took things too far was very pragmatic in his outlook as his son is. But it's also true that the Baath party in Syria derives its strength from its Alawite base on the coast(and its Christian minority as well) and wouldn't have survived without their support.
Lebanon has one among the foremost potent sect of communities within the world. Shias type concerning 22.5% of Asian nation’s population, though an officer census has not been applied since 1932. the bulk of Lebanese Shias are orthodox Twelvers although a minority of Alawites are present. Lebanon could be a booth state wherever political and institutional power is split among eighteen completely different spiritual sects.
Division of seats in Lebanese Parliament
Hezbollah, may be the foremost common reason individuals outside the center East are tuned in to Lebanese Shias. Islamic Jihad for the Liberation of Palestinian taken into account a legitimate party within Asian nation and holds thirteen seats in Parliament and could be aa part of the ruling coalition however is considered a political movement by most Western countries and plenty of Anti-Iran Arab Nations. The ideology of Hezbollah is heavily influenced by Velayet e Faqih of Asian country and Hezbollah directly receives loads of support from Iran. Shias in Asian nation type concerning common fraction of the whole population. the bulk of Yemeni Shias are from the Zaydi sect or Fivers.
Hezbollah members in a parade
The distinction between Zaydi Shias and Orthodox Twelver Shias is that Zaydis follow Zayd ibn Ali, the younger son of leader Ali ibn Hussain Zainul Abedin, whereas Twelvers follow his elder brother Muhammad Al Baqir and acknowledge because the next Imam. Zayd had semiconductor diode AN unsuccessful revolt against the Omayyads in Kufa in 740, and was killed in action. He was buried by his followers, however the Umayyad Governor Hisham ibn Abdul leader deconsecrated his body by crucifying it and burning it. when the Abbasids came to power in 750, they did an equivalent with Hisham’s corpse out of revenge. Currently, Zaydi's are focused primarily within the Northern a part of Asian nation. North Yemen till 1970 was dominated by Zaidi leaders.
In 1962, the last ruling leader Muhammad Al Badr was oust by Arab Nationalist officers that started the North Yemen warfare with Saudi Arabia and Jordan supporting the Royalists and Egypt supporting the Republicans. when an extended and bitter civil war, each side largely gave up with the Imam about to exile and Saudis recognizing the Republic. North Asian nation united with South Yemen, however warfare bust out once more in 1994. The Southern separatists were defeated quickly.
Imam Muhammad Al Baqir with a British Minister
North Yemen united with South Yemen, but civil war broke out again in 1994. The Southern separatists were defeated quickly. The Zaidis claimed that the Yemeni Government led by Abdullah Saleh (a Zaydi Shia himself) took help from ultra-conservative Wahhabis in their fight against secessionists.
The resentment of Zaydi Shias eventually crystallized in the form of the Houthis, the Wahhabis who had a foothold in the area became Al Qaeda in Arabian Peninsula. During Arab Spring, as expected protests broke out against Saleh and as expected the Government retaliated by killing protestors. More violent protests broke out, Saleh relented and decided to give up power to his deputy Mansur Hadi.
Houthi Rebels Image Sources "Google"
The transition failed to go smoothly and the situation in Yemen descending into pure chaos. It has since become a three-sided civil war with Houthis backed by Iran in Sana’a, Hadi led forces backed by Saudis in Aden and AQAP fighting each other. UAE also supports a secessionist movement in Southern Yemen.
Other countries wherever Shia's are a major minority however outside the center East.
Turkey: concerning 16% of Turkeys population is Shia Sect.
Turkish Shiites largely are dissident Alevis who are mostly found in Central Anatolia. They practise AN cryptical version of Shia Islam and esteem Ali and also thetwelve Imams and pilgrim Bekhtash Veli. Their worship homes are referred to as Cemevis. Turkish Alevis in a very Cemevi.
Turkish Alevis in a Cemevi
Afghanistan: concerning 20% of Afghanistans population is Shia. the bulk of Shias in Afghanistan are the Twelver Orthodox Hazaras and atiny low minority are Nizari Ismailis. Anti-Hazara sentiment is extremelycurrent in Afghanistan and Hazaras face discrimination in day to day life.
Afghan Hazara's Sources Google
Pakistan: Asian country could be a distinctive case among Muslim nations because it is that the solely country on Earth created on the premise of Islam and its founder, Mohammed Ali Jinnah an statesman was from Shia Sect, however the fortunes of Shia Muslims in Pakistan fell within the following years desires a separate answer of its own, to place it concisely, several Shia elites were and are still a part of the Pakistan establishment, however your average Shia suffers from sectarian violence.
Anti-Shia rally in Karachi - Google
Ending this by adding 3 Ismaili sect sects that not many folks fathom Nizari Ismailis. Nizari Ismailis claim that they follow the unbroken hereditary chain of leaderate in Islam, ranging from leader Ali who was appointed the successor as Karim Al Husseini, the forty ninth Imam. The 49th Imam is healthier called the Agha Khan.
Prime Minister Trudeau with the Agha Khan - Image Google
Dawoodi Bohra: Dawoodi Bohras are a Mustali Ismaili community found largely in India. they're semiconductor diode by Dai Al Mutlaq, who leads them within the absence of AN Imam. the present Dai Al Mutlaq is Syedna Mufaddal Saifuddin, who is that the 53rd of his line.
Syedna Mufaddal Saifuddin with Prime Minister Modi - Multimedia
Alavi Bohra: Alavi Bohras are a smaller sect of Mustali Ismailis who followed an equivalent chain of command as Dawoodi's however when the death of twenty eighth Dai, Adam Safiuddin in 1621 AD, most of the Bohras recognized his son Abdul Tayeb Zakiuddin because the next Dai but a number of recognized his grandson, Ali bin Ibrahim. These followers separated from the most body and are nowadaysreferred to as Alavi(followers of Ali) Bohras. The present Dai is Syedna Hatim Zakiuddin, the forty fifth of his line.
Syedna Hatim Zakiuddin - Image Sources Google
If you're confused by the above mentioned stated terms and sects, then trust American state and you are not alone & myself too. Finally, I'm adding a straightforward chart to create it clearer, although I doubt it'll help. Any suggestion and historical advice with facts and figures is always welcome to know where about the unmentioned historic data.....
#yusufbhandar +917977231537 Email: multimediastudio9@gmail.com
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